There are two basic types of net
work, the LAN and WAN. LAN stands for Local Area Net
work and WAN stands for Wide Area Net
work. There are obvious differences between the two net
work types.
To begin with Local Area Net
works. They are smaller net
works, usually within an office base. Connections between the
workstations are physical, with cables, and all the office resources are shared and distributed between the net
work workstations. The most common type of LAN is that of Ethernet. This is a family of frame-based
computer net
working technologies for LANs.
WAN, or Wide Area Net
works, are broader geographic net
works, like one city to another. They are more of a collection of interconnected LAN net
works. Other WANs, provided by service providers, connect local net
works to the Internet. In actual fact the Internet is more a specific Internet
work, not a straight WAN
While LANs are smaller, collectively they can be linked to create the WAN. This really is done using a series of routers, and bridges, which are basically net
work hardware devices which enable interconnectivity between separate LANs. With the option of expanding into small-scale WANs.
The real contrasting features of LANs in comparison to WANs is that of their data transfer rate, need for leased lines, and geographical range. LANs are faster, with 10Gbit data transfer rates. Likewise, as has been mentioned, LANs encompass a smaller geographical area. WANs also rely on common carriers, while LANs do not.
Aside from these differences users of a LAN will more likely need password validation as it will have specific user rights. While smaller WANs might also have this, it is less likely. LAN net
works will generally be more private than WAN net
works, and will have some sort of net
working software and probably a net
work administrator. Hardware resources are shared on a LAN, while with a WAN the focus is more on communications.
The Net
work topology of LANs is often peer-to-peer. That is to say, each client shares is resources with other
workstations in the net
work. WAN net
works will operate on a more client-to-server basis with interconnected LANs. Really, all this means is that the resources are requested from a central server.
And one other big difference? Well, the cost to set up a LAN in relation to a WAN. A single LAN net
work will be cheaper to set up than that of a larger WAN, with more
workstations and more hardware connection requirements with the need for a leased line. In essence, one big LAN in comparison to a small WAN will be the cheaper option.
So, the differences between LANs and WANs are indeed greater than just that of size. There are differences in net
work topology, hardware requirements, software requirements as well as technical specifications and cost.